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Glossary

Every term the explanations on the site point to — in one or two plain sentences.

BDC: US companies that lend to mid-sized businesses and pay out most of their income: high yield, high risk.
Beta: How much an instrument moves with the market: 1 like the market, 2 twice as strongly.
Better than N % of peers (percentile): The place among comparable instruments: 90 means better than 90 % of them.
Broker commission: What a trade costs: a minimum per trade and/or a percentage. With a high minimum, small purchases lose a large share to fees — buy less often in bigger amounts.
Closed-end fund (CEF): A fund with a fixed number of shares traded on an exchange at a premium or a discount to NAV.
Dividend safety (0–100): Payments covered by earnings and cash flow, the payment history and the debt.
Dividend yield (TTM and current): TTM: payments of the last 12 months divided by the price. Current: the latest payment × the frequency divided by the price — it shows a cut or a raise sooner.
EV/EBIT: The company's value including debt divided by operating profit — fairer than P/E when debt differs.
Ex-dividend date: To receive the dividend you must hold the share before this date.
Fact · Media · Rumour: Filings and exchange notices; a publication's headline we did not verify; unconfirmed information.
Flags: serious · caution · note: Rule-based warnings about an instrument. A serious one keeps it out of the curated screens; a note is only about our data.
Free cash flow yield: Free cash flow divided by market value: how much real cash each invested dollar earns.
Growth · Balanced · Income: Three ways to weigh the same factors: for building capital, balanced, and for dividend income. A high Income score does not mean a high dividend — it means the best among peers by that profile's rules.
MAR lock · «The operator holds it»: We disclose instruments the site's operator holds. The operator's autopilot does not trade an instrument for 48 hours after a score is published, nor against a score published in the last 7 days.
Maximum drawdown: The largest fall from a peak to a trough over the period.
Median and the 10–90 % band: Half of the scenarios end above the median; 80 % end inside the band.
Monte Carlo: Thousands of random market scenarios to see the range of outcomes instead of one number.
NAV: Net asset value of a fund per share.
NAV erosion: The fund pays out more than it earns and its NAV per share falls: part of the «dividend» is your own money coming back.
Net debt / EBITDA: How many years of operating profit it would take to repay the debt.
Non-dom (Cyprus): A Cyprus tax resident without domicile; how it changes the tax on dividends is in the tax methodology.
P/B: Price divided by the book equity per share; matters most for banks and insurers.
P/E: Price divided by the yearly earnings per share. Higher means more expensive; compare within a sector.
P/S: Price divided by sales per share; useful for companies without profit.
Payout ratio: The share of profit paid to shareholders; above 100 % the company pays more than it earns.
Plan phase P0–P4: Where you stand: emergency cash, mortgage or a short goal, growth, glide path, living on the income.
Premium / discount to NAV: How far a fund's market price is above or below the value of its assets.
Public attention: How much more than usual people read about a company. Not a buy signal.
Quality: Profitability, stable earnings and moderate debt.
ROE / ROIC: Profit on the shareholders' equity / on all the capital invested (own and borrowed).
Smart Score: A 1–10 summary of how an instrument compares with similar ones (same sector and region) by published rules. It describes today's data; it is not a price forecast.
Stability: How calmly the price moved: lower swings score higher.
Time-weighted return (TWR): The result without the effect of your deposits and withdrawals.
Trend: How the price behaved over recent months compared with peers.
UCITS, KID (PRIIPs): The European fund standard: without a KID document a European broker will not sell a fund to a retail investor from the EU.
Value: How cheaply the instrument is priced against earnings, cash flow and capital compared with peers. Cheap is not the same as good: there are value traps.
Volatility: How strongly the price swings over a year.

Definitions for orientation; how each number is computed is in the methodology. Methodology and sources

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